Starlink Reapplies for Gen 2 Satellites in India with D2D

Starlink, operated by Elon Musk’s SpaceX, has submitted a new application to India’s space regulator, IN-SPACe, seeking approval for its second-generation (Gen 2) satellite constellation. This renewed attempt aims to introduce advanced satellite communication services, including direct-to-device (D2D) connectivity, into the Indian market.

The fresh application requests authorization for nearly 30,000 low Earth orbit satellites. Previously, IN-SPACe had only approved Starlink’s first-generation (Gen 1) constellation, which supports conventional broadband services through 4,408 satellites.

Key Figures in Starlink’s India Proposal

• Starlink’s new application requests approval for nearly 30,000 Gen 2 low Earth orbit satellites in India.
• The previously approved Gen 1 constellation consists of 4,408 low Earth orbit satellites.
• SpaceX intends to deploy around 42,000 Gen 2 satellites globally.

The initial Gen 2 application was rejected because some functionalities and frequency bands did not meet India’s regulatory standards. This latest submission coincides with India’s ongoing efforts to establish regulations for emerging satellite communication services.

Understanding Direct-to-Device Connectivity

Direct-to-Device (D2D) connectivity, a core feature of Starlink’s Gen 2, is designed to allow compatible mobile phones and other devices to connect directly with satellites. This technology could significantly expand network coverage to remote or underserved areas where traditional mobile networks are inadequate.

This capability could be a game-changer for Starlink, enabling direct connectivity to mobile phones without the necessity of a dedicated satellite terminal. Such a development could unlock a much larger market, particularly within India’s poorly connected regions.

India’s Regulatory Landscape and Industry Concerns

India is still in the process of finalizing its regulatory framework for D2D services. The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) is actively reviewing the matter, while the government works on defining the specific spectrum bands and rules governing these services.

Indian telecom operators have expressed concerns regarding this new technology. They argue that satellite companies providing direct mobile connectivity should adhere to regulations similar to those governing terrestrial telecom operators, citing potential competitive impacts.

Global Precedents and Future Outlook

Several countries have already implemented frameworks that allow satellite networks to augment mobile coverage. The US, Canada, and Australia are among those with established regulations in this area.

In the US, Starlink has notably partnered with T-Mobile to deliver satellite connectivity directly to compatible phones in areas lacking conventional cellular service. The reapplication by Starlink underscores the growing interest in India’s satellite market as regulatory clarity emerges.